Journal of Reproducible Research https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr <p><em>Journal of Reproducible Research (JRR</em>) with e-ISSN: 2948-5282, is a quarterly journal for original research, systematic reviews, meta data analysis papers that can be reproducible indefinitely for a wise cause. It is published by Vally Links Sdn. Bhd. as an initiative from World Research Union.</p> <p>We publish original research papers, meta-analysis works, scholarly literatures and systematic reviews that are reproducible. Reproducible research means that your work is published with datasets or algorithm codes so that others can verify the findings and build a new perspective or a concept. The original research manuscripts published in JRR are expected to bring new insights with new perspectives so that existing datasets are used widely before it gets obsolete.</p> <p><strong>Scope of Journal</strong></p> <p>JRR is classified as premium diversified sciences journal. We intend to publish manuscripts pertaining to relevant fields of social sciences, STEM, arts which provides contribution to uplift or enhancing the current trends. The submitted manuscripts has to include new and innovative experimental methods, primary researches, new interpretation of existing results or data related to clinical problems, or epidemiological work of substantial scientific significance. The motive is to build practical concepts rather performing basic or fundamental researches.</p> <p>Though JRR accepts all kinds of research works, but any incomplete studies or secondary researches are discouraged. All submitted papers are reviewed by our panel members (double-blind peer review process) before arriving to a decision. Authors are required to follow the format and typeset of JRR for the manuscript to be accepted for review.</p> <p><img src="blob:https://journalrrsite.com/d4810514-1cb9-435b-a0d6-0eda7c81237c" /></p> en-US <p>Copyright of the article belongs to <em>Journal of Reproducible Research (JRR)</em> once the paper is ACCEPTED for publication. Author(s) agrees to this terms, during submission.</p> editor@journalrrsite.com (The Editor) editor@journalrrsite.com (Ms. Stella Jorrison) Sat, 07 Jun 2025 12:25:21 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.13 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 The Influence of Strategic Leadership on Customer Retention: The Mediating Role of E-Service Quality https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/148 <p>This study examines the influence of strategic leadership on customer retention within Saudi Telecom Company (STC), with a particular focus on the mediating role of e-service quality. Adopting a quantitative, deductive research design, the study utilized a survey instrument and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess the relationships between these constructs. The findings reveal that both strategic leadership and e-service quality have significant direct effects on customer retention, underscoring the critical role of leadership practices and digital service excellence in fostering customer loyalty. However, the study found no significant mediating effect of e-service quality on the relationship between strategic leadership and customer retention. These results suggest that leadership practices in STC may influence customer retention through other mechanisms beyond e-service quality. The research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence from the Saudi telecommunications sector, reinforcing the importance of leadership and service quality in retaining customers. The study also highlights the need for ongoing innovation in digital service offerings to remain competitive. Limitations of the study include its focus on a single organization and reliance on self-reported data, suggesting avenues for future research to explore additional mediators and extend the analysis across different industries.</p> Yousef Alruwaili, Dhakir Ali Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/148 Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Effects of Monetary and Non –Monetary Factors on Employee Retention in the Nigerian Private Universities https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/131 <table> <tbody> <tr> <td width="522"> <p>This study examines the determinants of employee retention within Nigerian private universities, with a particular focus on the roles of monetary and non-monetary incentives. The research delves into how salary structures, benefits packages, recognition and awards, professional development opportunities and work environment influence staff retention. A quantitative approach was adopted, analyzing survey responses from various faculty members across a selection of Nigerian private universities. The findings suggested that factors like salary structure, benefits package and opportunities for professional development have a more influential role in employee retention, compared to work environment or recognition and rewards. The study contributes to theoretical frameworks by applying Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory offering insights into the nuanced effects of retention strategies. The practical implications suggest that Nigerian private universities should implement comprehensive HR strategies that go beyond financial rewards to include supportive work environments and recognition systems to improve retention. These findings serve as a guide for policy formulation and the development of retention programs in the higher education sector.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Ebiwari Apulu, Dr Poh Phung Siew Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/131 Fri, 06 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0000 A Conceptual Framework for the Impact of Total Quality Management and IT Alignment on Human Resource Development: The Mediating Role of Learning Agility in Saudi Educational Institutions https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/143 <p>This paper proposes an extended conceptual framework that investigates the mediating role of learning agility in the relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM), IT alignment, and Human Resource Development (HRD) within Saudi educational institutions. With Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 aiming to elevate the education sector into a globally competitive, knowledge-driven industry, the emphasis on integrating advanced management practices such as TQM and IT alignment has become paramount. Both TQM and IT alignment are recognized as critical enablers of HRD, yet there is limited understanding of how these elements interact synergistically. This study also highlights the role of employee learning agility as a key mediator, which amplifies the effectiveness of TQM and IT alignment on HR outcomes by fostering adaptability and continuous learning. By addressing the unique challenges faced by Saudi educational institutions particularly in aligning technological strategies with quality management practices this framework provides valuable insights for educational policymakers, administrators, and HR practitioners. Recommendations are made for fostering learning agility and aligning organizational strategies to improve HRD outcomes, thereby supporting the overarching goals of Saudi Vision 2030.</p> Somaya Al-Hajjouj, Dhakir Ali Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/143 Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Determinants of Smoking Initiation and Cessation in Populations with a Heavy Smoking History; Conceptual Framework https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/141 <p>This paper presents a conceptual framework for understanding the determinants of smoking initiation and cessation among populations with a heavy smoking history. Smoking remains a significant global health concern, with adverse impacts on respiratory health and overall well-being. The proposed framework integrates socio-demographic factors, such as age, gender, education, and socioeconomic status, with knowledge of respiratory diseases and awareness of pulmonary function risks to identify key drivers of smoking behaviors. It emphasizes how these determinants interact to influence the initiation of smoking, sustain smoking habits, and affect the likelihood of cessation. The framework also addresses critical barriers to cessation, including health literacy gaps, cultural influences, and access to healthcare services, particularly in populations with long-term smoking habits. By highlighting the role of awareness about respiratory health risks, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer, the study underscores the importance of targeted interventions and education campaigns in promoting cessation and preventing initiation. This conceptual model provides a foundation for designing evidence-based strategies that enhance smoking prevention and cessation programs. It aims to guide public health initiatives and inform policy decisions by offering insights into the multifaceted nature of smoking behavior. The framework serves as a starting point for future empirical research, with the ultimate goal of reducing the burden of smoking-related diseases and improving health outcomes in vulnerable populations.</p> Fatemah ALShakhs, Idris Adewale Ahmed, Hajed M. Al-Otaibi Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/141 Thu, 24 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Implementing Parent-Child Drama and Rhythmic Play for Early Childhood Development: An Applied Study of Home-Kindergarten Collaborative Models https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/139 <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Strong family-kindergarten partnerships are vital for young children’s growth but often face hurdles like limited parental involvement and cultural differences. This study examines how parent-child drama and rhythmic play activities, rooted in embodied learning theory (using movement to boost learning) and Saito Kimiko’s “Sakura Sakuranbo Rhythm” approach (focusing on movement and sensory skills), foster child development and family-school ties. Over a 5-month kindergarten semester, 35 children aged 4–5 years in a diverse urban kindergarten participated in weekly sessions. Through observations and teacher questionnaires, we found that most children (70–80%) improved in cognitive engagement, social-emotional behaviors, and motor skills. Parent-child bonds strengthened, with 80–85% of pairs showing better emotional connection and communication. Teachers reported stronger collaboration with families, with ratings rising from 3.4 to 4.4. Blending Japanese rhythmic play with Western dramatic activities, this low-cost model, needing only books and music, suits diverse preschool settings. Despite a small urban sample and short timeframe, the findings suggest a practical way to enhance early learning and family engagement. Future research should explore long-term effects and broader applications.</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Jingru Wang Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/139 Thu, 17 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Factors Influencing Green Entrepreneurship Implementation Among Malaysian Oil and Gas Small and Medium Enterprises https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/149 <p class="Abstracttext"><span style="font-size: 8.0pt;">Scholars have recently concluded that green entrepreneurship is crucial to creating new economic prospects for sustainable development. Although there have been many recent studies in this area, little is known about how green entrepreneurship drivers help companies in the oil and gas industry move toward sustainable green practices. This study aims to fill the current research vacuum by clarifying the elements impacting green entrepreneurship in Malaysian oil and gas small and medium-sized businesses (OGSMEs). 3834 OGSMEs in Malaysia will have their data gathered using stratified random sampling. The study will use a cross-sectional survey approach, and SPSS version 29.0 and PLS-SEM version 4.0 will be used for data analysis. This study gives policymakers, government agencies, and business experts a better understanding of the variables affecting green entrepreneurship in the oil and gas industries. The results make it easier to create rules and policies that will improve the oil and gas sector's sustainability.</span></p> Mohd Najib Md Saad, Ariff Aiman, Prof Arnis Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/149 Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Employee Empowerment and Innovative Behavior: Analyzing the Role of Emotional Intelligence and Organizational Culture as Catalysts for High-Performance Work Systems https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/136 <p>This study investigates the relationship between employee empowerment and innovative behavior within the context of high-performance work systems (HPWS), with particular emphasis on the moderating and mediating roles of emotional intelligence and organizational culture. Drawing on the Ability–Motivation–Opportunity (AMO) framework and Social Exchange Theory (SET), the research examines how psychological and cultural dimensions interact with empowerment practices to foster innovation among employees in a public-sector setting. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was employed, collecting data from 216 employees in the Civil Registry Authority in Tripoli, Libya. Structural equation modeling (SEM) and moderation/mediation analyses were conducted to test hypothesized relationships. Findings reveal that employee empowerment significantly predicts innovative behavior, while emotional intelligence emerges as a powerful mediator and moderator in this relationship. Organizational culture further enhances the impact of empowerment on innovation when characterized by openness, support, and adaptability. The study contributes to the literature by contextualizing empowerment-driven innovation within resource-constrained public institutions and by integrating emotional and cultural constructs into the operational model of HPWS. Implications for managerial practice and organizational policy are discussed, emphasizing the importance of aligning HR strategies with psychological capabilities and cultural conditions to sustain innovation</p> Sami Akrom Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/136 Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Strategic Leadership, E-Service Quality, and Customer Retention: A Theoretical Framework for Digital Transformation https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/147 <p>In today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape, strategic leadership plays a crucial role in driving digital transformation across industries, particularly in telecommunications. This paper proposes a theoretical framework that explores the relationship between strategic leadership, e-service quality, and customer retention, with a focus on how leadership-driven digital initiatives can enhance service quality and foster customer loyalty. E-service quality, defined by factors such as user-friendliness, reliability, personalization, and security, serves as a critical mediator between leadership and retention, influencing customer experiences and satisfaction. Despite the recognized importance of these elements, there is a gap in understanding how strategic leadership directly impacts e-service quality and how this, in turn, affects customer retention. The proposed framework addresses these gaps by highlighting the integral role of leadership in promoting continuous innovation and service excellence. Through this model, telecommunications companies, such as Saudi Telecom Company (STC), can better align leadership strategies with e-service improvements to meet the evolving demands of digital customers, ensuring long-term loyalty. The study emphasizes the need for further empirical research to validate the proposed relationships and explore additional factors, such as customer engagement and the role of emerging technologies like AI, that may influence the dynamics between e-service quality and retention in the digital era.</p> Yousef Alruwaili, Dhakir Ali Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/147 Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Medical and Dental Students’ Perceptions of Digital and Traditional Anatomy Dissection: A Comparative Study at MAHSA University https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/142 <p>This study explores the shift from traditional cadaver dissection to digital methods in anatomy education at MAHSA University, focusing on the perceptions of 860 medical (MBBS) and dental (DDS) students. Prompted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the research aimed to assess student preferences, the effectiveness of digital tools, and the challenges involved compared to conventional practices. Using a cross-sectional survey and SPSS analysis, five key factors were identified from 26 variables, covering technological, contextual, pedagogical, and course-related issues. Results showed that over half of the students supported integrating digital tools, especially for improving structure visualization, offering flexible access to content, and aiding exam preparation. About 35% of students remained neutral, reflecting uncertainty or mixed opinions. While many acknowledged the discomforts of cadaver dissection—such as exposure to chemicals and ethical concerns—most were hesitant to fully abandon traditional methods, valuing the hands-on experience and deeper understanding it provides. The findings offer valuable insights for educators and curriculum developers, emphasizing the need to balance technological innovation with essential practical training in anatomy education.</p> Mahalingam Munisamy, Vertriselvan, Rusli Nordin Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/142 Thu, 21 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000 The Socio-Demographic and Psychosocial Drivers of Smoking Initiation and Cessation: A Systematic Literature Review https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/140 <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>Tobacco use remains one of the leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality globally. Understanding the multifaceted drivers of smoking initiation and cessation is critical for developing effective public health interventions, particularly in light of persistent health disparities. This systematic literature review explores the socio-demographic and psychosocial factors that influence smoking behaviors across diverse populations. Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search was conducted across major academic databases. Forty-seven peer-reviewed studies published between 2010 and 2025 were included based on relevance, methodological rigor, and thematic alignment. Studies were screened and analyzed using thematic synthesis to identify key variables influencing smoking initiation and cessation. The review identified several recurring socio-demographic predictors including age, gender, educational attainment, and socioeconomic status. Adolescents, individuals with lower education and income, and males in low- and middle-income countries exhibited higher rates of initiation. In contrast, older adults and individuals with higher health literacy were more likely to attempt and succeed in cessation. Psychosocial factors such as mental health conditions, peer and family influence, cultural norms, and access to support services significantly shaped both initiation and cessation outcomes. Notably, the interaction between structural disadvantage and psychosocial vulnerability emerged as a critical barrier to successful cessation. Smoking behavior is the outcome of a complex interplay between socio-demographic positioning and psychosocial context. Effective tobacco control strategies must address these intersecting factors through culturally tailored, equity-driven interventions. Future research should prioritize underrepresented populations and explore integrated, context-specific cessation approaches that align with individuals’ lived experiences. &nbsp;</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Fatemah ALShakhs, Idris Adewale Ahmed, Hajed M. Al-Otaibi Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/140 Thu, 24 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Human Resource Development in Education: systematic literature review https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/150 <p>This systematic literature review (SLR) examines the evolving field of Human Resource Development (HRD) in education, synthesizing insights from 42 peer-reviewed articles published between 2014 and 2024. Guided by PRISMA methodology, the review explores how HRD has been conceptualized, implemented, and measured across diverse educational contexts. Key themes identified include competency-based HRD frameworks, the integration of digital technologies and artificial intelligence in professional development, sustainable and green HRD practices, inclusive and intergenerational learning approaches, and the alignment of HRD with national human capital development goals. The findings indicate that HRD has become a strategic function in educational institutions, contributing not only to educator effectiveness and institutional performance but also to broader societal outcomes such as equity, innovation, and sustainable development. However, the review also reveals significant challenges, including conceptual ambiguity, limited empirical evaluation, technological inequity, and underrepresentation of Global South perspectives. Future research is needed to develop context-sensitive, impact-driven, and ethically grounded HRD models that respond to the complex demands of 21st-century education. This review contributes to the field by offering a comprehensive synthesis of current trends, identifying critical research gaps, and providing a roadmap for advancing HRD as a transformative force in education.</p> Somaya Al-Hajjouj, Dhakir Ali Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/150 Wed, 27 Aug 2025 00:00:00 +0000 Critical Success Factors of Smart Factory Adoption Among Malaysian Electrical and Electronics SMEs https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/138 <table> <tbody> <tr> <td> <p>The Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0) has led to the emergence of smart factories that integrate cyber-physical systems, IoT, AI, and big data to enhance production efficiency and flexibility. However, the adoption of smart factory technologies remains uneven, especially among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in developing economies. This study investigates the critical success factors (CSFs) that influence the successful adoption of smart factory initiatives among Malaysian Electrical and Electronics (E&amp;E) SMEs. Using a mixed-methods approach, data were collected through a structured survey of 150 SMEs and in-depth interviews with 10 industry experts. The results reveal that top management commitment, technological readiness, workforce competency, government support, and financial capacity are significant predictors of adoption success. The findings offer practical recommendations for policymakers and business leaders aiming to accelerate Industry 4.0 transformation in the Malaysian SME sector</p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> Wahadaniah, Mohd Najib Md Saad , Prof Valliappan Raju Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Reproducible Research https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 https://journalrrsite.com/index.php/Myjrr/article/view/138 Tue, 08 Jul 2025 00:00:00 +0000